Oxygen and Nitrogen Nanobubbles improves Seed germination and Plant growth

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00333

This study investigated the effects of four types of NBs on seed 

germination and plant growth. Air, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon

 dioxide NBs were generated and dispersed in tap water. Different

 plants, including lettuce, carrot, fava bean, and tomato, were used

 in germination and growth tests. The seeds in water-containing NBs

 exhibited 6–25% higher germination rates. Especially, nitrogen NBs 

exhibited considerable effects in the seed germination, whereas air and

 carbon dioxide NBs did not significantly promote germination. The 

growth of stem length and diameter, leave number, and leave width were

 promoted by NBs (except air). Furthermore, the promotion effect was primarily

 ascribed to the generation of exogenous reactive oxygen species by NBs and higher

 efficiency of nutrient fixation or utilization.